Deconstructing Colonial Misconceptions Potlatch Ceremonies of Kwakwaka’wakws First Nations in Life Writing and Fictional Discourses

Autor

  • Hanna Mrozek-Granieczny University of Silesia

Abstrakt

For centuries, Western culture (mis)represented and appropriated the First Nations. Aboriginal peoples were regarded either as primitive, animal-like savages, or they were romanticised and eroticised in order to justify the Canadian policy of civilisation and assimilation of the natives into the monolithic “Britain of the North.” Even though since the time of the signing of the Multiculturalism Act, the concept of Canadian identity has been undergoing major changes embracing racial and cultural minorities, native people still have to fight for recognition and their rightful place in the Canadian discourses. The problem of misrepresentation of indigenous cultures has not been eradicated. This article focuses on the analysis of the potlatch ceremonies of the Kwakwaka’wakws. Using the postcolonial perspective and methodology, it explores both the past and the contemporary culture of potlatches. It also examines the colonial misconceptions of potlatch ceremonies and the current revival of the Kwakiutl potlatching. This postcolonial analysis shows the subversion of the colonial “truths” and looks at the revival of Kwakiutl culture as the aboriginal way of re-reading and re-writing of Canadian history, deconstructing conservative national mythologies and fighting for recognition by the Canadian discourse. The following analysis also reveals changing attitudes toward Kwakwaka’wakws’ potlatches and the evolution of opinions regarding this ceremony. The discussion is based mainly on selected published official government documents, books, life writing and information obtained from a personal interview gathered by the author during her research trip to British Columbia in March 2010 (Student Mobility grant obtained by the Canadian Studies Centre, University of Silesia).


Key words: the potlatch, Kwakwaka’wakws, Kwakiutls, First Nations.

Biogram autora

Hanna Mrozek-Granieczny - University of Silesia

Hanna Mrozek-Granieczny (M.A.) has graduated from the University of Silesia. She wrote her M.A. thesis on the colonial and postcolonial representations of the potlatch ceremonies of Kwakwaka’wakws First Nations. Thanks to the Government of Canada Student Mobility Support
Program Grant, obtained by the Canadian Studies Centre at the University of Silesia, she went on a Research Trip to Vancouver Island University and Alert Bay in March 2010, to further her research into First Nations studies. She is particularly interested in Canadian indigenous cultures
and gender studies.

Bibliografia

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Alfred, Agnes, 2004: Paddling to Where I Stand: Agnes Alfred, Qwiqwasutinuxw Noblewoman. Ed. Martine J. Reid. Trans. Daisy Sewid-Smith. Vancouver, Toronto: UBC Press.

Assu, Harry, 1989: Assu of Cape Mudge: Recollections of a Coastal Indian Chief. Ed. Joy Inglis. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press.

Beck, Mary Giraudo, 1993: POTLATCH: Native Ceremony and Myth on the Northwest Coast. Anchorage, Seattle, Portland: Alaska Northwest Books.

Bracken, Christopher, 1997: The Potlatch Papers: A Colonial Case History. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Buente, Gail: “Assu of Cape Mudge.” Canadian Geographic 1990, 110.3: 81.

Craven, Margaret, 2005: I Heard the Owl Call my Name. Markham: Fitzhenry & Whiteside.

Harold, Hughina, 1996: The Totem Poles and Tea. British Columbia: Heritage House Publishing.

Joseph, Robert, 2009: “Kwakwaka’wakw.” UBC Museum of Anthropology. 6393 Northwest Marine Drive, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada. 26 March 2010.

Miller, Bruce, 6 March 2010: Personal interview.

Miller, Bruce, “Paddling to where I stand: Agnes Alfred, Qwiqwasutinuxw Noblewoman.” American Indian Culture and Research Journal 2005: 149—151.

Pinkerton, Lindsay: “The Imperial Archive: Key Concepts In Postcolonial Studies: Aboriginal/Indigenous Peoples.” Available HTTP: http://www.qub.ac.uk/schools/SchoolofEnglish/imperial/key-concepts/aboriginal-indigenous-peoples.htm (accessed 4 May 2010).

Redl, Carolyn: “Paddling to Where I Stand. Agnes Alfred, Qwiqwasutinuxw Noblewoman.” Canadian Ethnic Studies 2005, vol. 37, no 2: 118—119. Retrieved from: Academic Search Premier, EBSCO host (accessed 13 March 2010).

Rosman, Abraham, Paula G. ruBel, 1971: Feasting with Mine Enemy: Rank and Exchange Among Northwest Coast Societies. Illinois: Waveland Press,

Sewid-Smith, Daisy, 1979: Prosecution or Persecution. British Columbia: Nu-Yum Baleess Society.

Wheeler, Dennis (dir.), 1975: Potlatch — A Strict Law Bids Us Dance. Moving Images Distribution. (DVD).

Jak cytować

Mrozek-Granieczny, H. Deconstructing Colonial Misconceptions Potlatch Ceremonies of Kwakwaka’wakws First Nations in Life Writing and Fictional Discourses. Romanica Silesiana, 6(1). Pobrano z https://trrest.vot.pl/ojsus/index.php/RS/article/view/5790