Legitymizacja i alternacja władzy na Węgrzech
Abstract
Abstrakt: Legitymizacja i alternacja władzy na Węgrzech
W artykule dokonano analizy zjawiska legitymizacji władzy na Węgrzech w okresie reżimu niedemokratycznego oraz procesu demokratyzacji. Pierwsza część tekstu prezentuje synchroniczny proces legitymizacji władzy komunistycznej w wymiarze dwuetapowym (po 1948 r. i 1956 r.). Jeżeli chodzi o proces demokratyzacji, to po a) 1990 roku najpierw powstał dwubiegunowy model rywalizacji o władzę, w którym główne pozycje zajęły dawne ugrupowania opozycyjne: MDF i SZDSZ; b) po 1994 roku powstał model dwubiegunowej alternacji władzy opierający się na przejmowaniu rządów na Węgrzech przez MSZP lub Fidesz; c) od 2010 roku mamy do czynienia z umacnianiem się prawicowego Fidesz.
Słowa kluczowe: legityzmizacja władzy, alternacja władzy, Węgry
Abstract: The legitimization and alternation of political power in Hungary
The article presents the analysis of the legitimization of political power phenomenon in Hungary in the two periods: the nondemocratic communist regime and the process of democratization. The first part of the article shows synchronic non-democratic consolidation of communist power after 1948 and 1956. The second part focuses on the process of democratization and consists of three main periods: a) after 1990 while bipolar party division was set up: conservative government led by MDF and liberal opposition with SzDSz and Fidesz; b) after 1994 while new bipolar party division emerged: social-liberal coalition with MSzP and SzDSz and conservative camp with Fidesz, MDF, KDNP, c) after 2010 when Fidesz totally overwhelmed whole party and political system.
Key words: legitimization of political power, alternation of political power, Hungary
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