Towiański and Towianism in Słowacki’s writings Apotheosis – disappointment – criticism
Abstract
The evolution concerning what Słowacki thought about Towiański and Towianism ranged from a sincere affirmation, and even a deep identification with master’s point of view, to strong criticism and withdrawal from Koło Sprawy Bożej. The poet’s opinion on Towianism followers turned spontaneously and rapidly into a negative direction when he started noticing narcissist and pro-Russian attitudes in his brothers. The text fragments testifying to betrayal and disgrace reflect this radical change concerning the author’s attitude to the organization most visibly. The vision of a spiritual church was dominated by Słowacki’s belief that Koło changes into a sect subject to tradition and moral rigors imposed on by Towiański.
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